IJSR Volume 3 Number 1 2013

International Journal of Sudan Research (IJSR) is the flagship journal focusing on Sudan and the Diaspora published in the United Kingdom by the World Association for Sustainable Development (WASD) in partnership with Sudan Knowledge (SK) (2 Issues per year) ISSN: 2042-6003 (Print); 2042-6011 (Online).

IJSR aims to promote the international exchange of knowledge, ideas and information about the very best research undertaken about Sudan without promoting any kind of political views and/or ideologies among the different stakeholders in and outside Sudan.

IJSR is abstracted and indexed by: ABI/Inform (ProQuest); Cabell’s Directory of Publishing Opportunities; Crossref; British Library and most top universities across the world such as Oxford, Harvard, Cambridge, etc.

The latest IJSR articles (2025-) are available to download free of charge from our DIGITAL LIBRARY and VIDEO LIBRARY or from Sudan Knowledge platform (2010-2021).