Climate Change Refugees in Sudan: “Causes And Protection Measures”, R. Elhussien

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R.Elhussien

Unesco Cousteau Ecotechnie Chair

Sudan

Climate change and environmental degradation have a huge impact on the whole planet, but one of the most significant consequences is human migration, forced or otherwise. Many scholars argue that there are already a large number of people moving, with millions more expected to follow as a result of the extreme weather events associated with climate change. This is, as John Holmes, previously Under-secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator to the UN, said: "the new normal” . The number of recorded disasters has increased over the past decades. Climate change “refugees”, or people who are displaced by climate change inside or outside their own country, are neglected in international environmental law, and related conventions and agreements. More focus should be given to the phenomena of “climate refugee” because the number of people affected by climate change and who are moving from their homes and countries are increasing. In this research, we discuss the potential causes, protection measures, and protection challenges for climate refugees, both internationally and on a regional level, with a specific focus on Sudan. This is to have an understanding of the causes of inter- nal displacement and refugee phenomenon to and from the country. The Sudanese Red crescent society (SRCS) played a large role in this research, facilitating access routes to refugee camps and Internally Displaced People (IDPs) in eastern and northern Sudan, respectively. They helped give an example of national organisation input to the response to natural disasters, humanitarian assistance, and protection measures given to climate change refugees and IDPs, also showing the policies and framework they apply and follow. This research gives a clear insight into how climate affected people are dealt with and if they are considered refugees or not. This is dependent on the definition of refugees in the Geneva convention, and other related conventions and definitions. It also shows the relationship between climate change, disasters, conflicts, and displacement.

Citation: Elhussien. R: Climate Change Refugees in Sudan: “Causes And Protection Measures”. In Allam Ahmed(Ed.): Home-Books-Proceedings-SDC, Vol. 1, pp. 8. WASD: Brighton, United Kingdom.