IJIKMMENA · Vol 10, Nos 1/2 · 2025Literature Review

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: Literature Review, Dr Muawya Hussein, Dr Hanaa Sid Ahmed

Assistant Professor, Department of Finance & Economics
Dhofar University, Salalah 211, PO Box 2509
Oman
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics & Business Administration
University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah 211, PO Box 608
Oman
Received: 8 May 2025Revised: 12 June 2025Accepted: 16 June 2024Published: 27 June 2025
Purpose

This study aims to critically evaluate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Design/Methodology/Approach

The research adopts a structured expert elicitation approach, utilising a consensus-based inference process to assess AI’s impact on all 17 SDGs and their associated targets.

Findings

The findings reveal that AI positively contributes to 79% of the SDG targets (134 in total), mainly by overcoming development challenges through technology. However, AI also poses risks to 59 targets. Contribution: This study contributes to the emerging body of literature on AI and sustainable development by offering a comprehensive, target-level analysis of AI’s influence on the SDGs. It integrates ethical, social, and regulatory considerations into developing AI technologies to ensure alignment with global sustainability objectives.

Research Limitations/Implications

Expert judgement’s subjectivity and AI’s evolving nature may limit analysis accuracy, requiring ongoing reassessment to address future uncertainties.

Keywords
Artificial Intelligence (AI)Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)Expert ElicitationTechnologyDevelopment ChallengesEthicsRegulatory Considerations
Citation

Hussein, M.A. and Sid Ahmed, H.M. (2025): The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. International Journal of Innovation and Knowledge Management in Middle East and North Africa, Vol. 10, No. 1/2, pp. 23-36.